


      DDDDDDDD((((1111))))                       ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                      DDDDDDDD((((1111))))



      NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
           dd - convert and copy a file

      SSSSYYYYNNNNTTTTAAAAXXXX
           dddddddd [option=value] ...

      DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
           _D_d copies the specified input file to the specified output
           with possible conversions.  The standard input and output
           are used by default.  The input and output block size may be
           specified to take advantage of raw physical I/O.

           _o_p_t_i_o_n          _v_a_l_u_e_s
           iiiiffff====_f_i_l_e         input file name; standard input is default
           ooooffff====_f_i_l_e         output file name; standard output is default
           iiiibbbbssss====_n           input block size _n bytes (default 4096)
           oooobbbbssss====_n           output block size (default 4096)
           bbbbssss====_n            set both input and output block size,
                           superseding _i_b_s and _o_b_s; also, if no
                           conversion is specified, it is particularly
                           efficient since no in-core copy need be done
           ccccbbbbssss====_n           conversion buffer size
           sssskkkkiiiipppp====_n          skip _n input records before starting copy
           sssseeeeeeeekkkk====_n          seek _n records from beginning of output file
                           before copying
           ccccoooouuuunnnntttt====_n         copy only _n input records
           ccccoooonnnnvvvv====aaaasssscccciiiiiiii      convert EBCDIC to ASCII
                eeeebbbbccccddddiiiicccc     convert ASCII to EBCDIC
                iiiibbbbmmmm        slightly different map of ASCII to EBCDIC
                llllccccaaaasssseeee      map alphabetics to lower case
                uuuuccccaaaasssseeee      map alphabetics to upper case
                sssswwwwaaaabbbb       swap every pair of bytes
                nnnnooooeeeerrrrrrrroooorrrr    do not stop processing on an error
                ssssyyyynnnncccc       pad every input record to _i_b_s
                ............ ,,,, ............  several comma-separated conversions

           Where sizes are specified, a number of bytes is expected.  A
           number may end with kkkk, bbbb, or wwww to specify multiplication by
           1024, 512, or 2 respectively; a pair of numbers may be
           separated by xxxx to indicate a product.

           _C_b_s is used only if _a_s_c_i_i or _e_b_c_d_i_c conversion is specified.
           In the former case _c_b_s characters are placed into the
           conversion buffer, converted to ASCII, and trailing blanks
           trimmed and new-line added before sending the line to the
           output.  In the latter case ASCII characters are read into
           the conversion buffer, converted to EBCDIC, and blanks added
           to make up an output record of size _c_b_s.

           After completion, _d_d reports the number of whole and partial
           input and output blocks.




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      DDDDDDDD((((1111))))                       ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                      DDDDDDDD((((1111))))



      SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
           cp(1).

      DDDDIIIIAAAAGGGGNNNNOOOOSSSSTTTTIIIICCCCSSSS
           _f+_p _r_e_c_o_r_d_s _i_n(_o_u_t) numbers of full and partial records
           read(written)

      BBBBUUUUGGGGSSSS
           The ASCII/EBCDIC conversion tables are taken from the 256
           character standard in the CACM Nov, 1968.  The _i_b_m
           conversion, while less blessed as a standard, corresponds
           better to certain IBM print train conventions.  There is no
           universal solution.

           New-lines are inserted only on conversion to ASCII; padding
           is done only on conversion to EBCDIC.  These should be
           separate options.






































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