


      TTTTRRRR((((1111))))                       ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                      TTTTRRRR((((1111))))



      NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
           tr - translate characters

      SSSSYYYYNNNNTTTTAAAAXXXX
           ttttrrrr [ ----ccccddddssss ] [ string1 [ string2 ] ]

      DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
           _T_r deletes specified input characters, or does an in-order
           mapping of the characters in _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 to the characters in
           _s_t_r_i_n_g_2.

           ----cccc      Complement.  _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 will be equivalent to every
                   ASCII character, in the ASCII code range 1 to 255 (1
                   to 377 octal) eeeexxxxcccceeeepppptttt the ones specified.

           ----dddd      Deletes all input characters in _s_t_r_i_n_g_1.  IGNORES
                   _s_t_r_i_n_g_2.

           ----ssss      Squeezes repititions of output characters that are
                   in _s_t_r_i_n_g_2 to single characters and IGNORES _s_t_r_i_n_g_1,
                   or repetitions of characters found in _s_t_r_i_n_g_1 if
                   there is no _s_t_r_i_n_g_2.

           The following abbreviation conventions may be used to
           introduce ranges of characters or repeated characters into
           the strings:

           [[[[aaaa----zzzz]]]]   Represents a range of characters as ordered in the
                   ASCII table.

           [[[[aaaa****_n]]]]   Represents _n repetitions of aaaa.  If the first digit
                   of _n is 0000, _n is considered octal; otherwise, _n is
                   taken to be decimal.  A zero or missing _n represents
                   an indefinite number.  When the first string
                   specifies a range of characters, and you don't know
                   how many it would match but want to replace all of
                   them with a certain other character, use * or *0 in
                   string2 to represent "as many as necessary."

           Use \\\\ to remove any special meaning from a character in a
           string.  To represent ASCII characters by their octal codes,
           use \\\\ followed by 1, 2, or 3 octal digits for the character.


      EEEEXXXXAAAAMMMMPPPPLLLLEEEESSSS
           To change all b's to k's:  ttttrrrr bbbb kkkk <<<< _m_y_f_i_l_e

           To change all b's to k's and all p's to e's: ttttrrrr bbbbpppp kkkkeeee <<<<
           _m_y_f_i_l_e

           To get rid of all b's and squeeze the f's: ttttrrrr ----ddddssss bbbb ffff




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      TTTTRRRR((((1111))))                       ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                      TTTTRRRR((((1111))))



           To print only the punctuation from a text: ttttrrrr ----dddd """"[[[[AAAA----ZZZZ]]]][[[[aaaa----
           zzzz]]]]"""" <<<< _t_e_x_t

           The strings are quoted to protect the special characters
           from interpretation by the shell.

           To create a list of alphabetic-only words (one per line)
           derived from _t_e_x_t:

                   tr -cs "[A-Z][a-z]" "[\012*]" < text

           (012 is the octal ASCII code for newline.) In English:
           Translate everything but alphabetics into as many newline
           characters as may be required, but squeeze (-s) the
           excessive repetitions of newline characters into just one
           newline.

           Leave out the -s and excessive newlines appear because they
           are not squeezed.  Leave out the -c and alphabetic strings
           (words) are turned into newlines, and only the punctuation
           will be output.

      SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
           ed(1), sh(1), ascii(5).

      BBBBUUUUGGGGSSSS
           Won't handle ASCII NNNNUUUULLLL in either string, and always deletes
           NNNNUUUULLLL from input.



























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