


      BBBBIIIINNNNMMMMAAAAIIIILLLL((((1111))))                  ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                 BBBBIIIINNNNMMMMAAAAIIIILLLL((((1111))))



      NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
           binmail - send mail to users or read mail

      SSSSYYYYNNNNTTTTAAAAXXXX
           bbbbiiiinnnnmmmmaaaaiiiillll [ ----eeeeppppqqqqrrrr ] [ ----ffff file ]

           bbbbiiiinnnnmmmmaaaaiiiillll [ ----tttt ] persons

      DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
           _B_i_n_m_a_i_l is the older mail program originally supplied with
           Version 7.  _B_i_n_m_a_i_l(1) is now linked to _M_a_i_l and _m_a_i_l to
           provide a more capable mail interface.  _B_i_n_m_a_i_l is only
           necessary for local mail delivery.  _B_i_n_m_a_i_l without
           arguments prints a user's mail, message-by-message, in
           last-in, first-out order.  For each message, the user is
           prompted with a ????, and a line is read from the standard
           input to determine the disposition of the message:

                <new-line>      Go on to next message.
                ++++               Same as <new-line>.
                dddd               Delete message and go on to next
                                message.
                pppp               Print message again.
                ----               Go back to previous message.
                ssss [ _f_i_l_e_s ]     Save message in the named _f_i_l_e_s (mmmmbbbbooooxxxx
                                is default).
                wwww [ _f_i_l_e_s ]     Save message, without its header, in
                                the named _f_i_l_e_s (mmmmbbbbooooxxxx is default).
                mmmm [ _p_e_r_s_o_n_s ]   Mail the message to the named _p_e_r_s_o_n_s
                                (yourself is default).
                qqqq               Put undeleted mail back in the _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e
                                and stop.
                EEEEOOOOTTTT (control-d) Same as qqqq.
                xxxx               Put all mail back in the _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e
                                unchanged and stop.
                !!!!_c_o_m_m_a_n_d        Escape to the shell to do _c_o_m_m_a_n_d.
                ****               Print a command summary.

           The optional arguments alter the printing of the mail:

           ----eeee   causes mail not to be printed.  An exit value of 0 is
                returned if the user has mail; otherwise, an exit value
                of 1 is returned.
           ----pppp   causes all mail to be printed without prompting for
                disposition.
           ----qqqq   causes _b_i_n_m_a_i_l to terminate after interrupts.  Normally
                an interrupt only causes the termination of the message
                being printed.
           ----rrrr   causes messages to be printed in first-in, first-out
                order.
           ----ffff_f_i_l_e
                causes _b_i_n_m_a_i_l to use _f_i_l_e (e.g., mmmmbbbbooooxxxx) instead of the



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      BBBBIIIINNNNMMMMAAAAIIIILLLL((((1111))))                  ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                 BBBBIIIINNNNMMMMAAAAIIIILLLL((((1111))))



                default _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e.

           When _p_e_r_s_o_n_s are named, _b_i_n_m_a_i_l takes the standard input up
           to an end-of-file (or up to a line consisting of just a ....)
           and adds it to each _p_e_r_s_o_n's _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e.  The message is
           preceded by the sender's name and a postmark.  Lines that
           look like postmarks in the message, (i.e., ``From ...'') are
           preceded with a >>>>.  The ----tttt option causes the message to be
           preceded by all _p_e_r_s_o_n_s the mail is sent to.  A _p_e_r_s_o_n is
           usually a user name recognized by _l_o_g_i_n(1).  If a _p_e_r_s_o_n
           being sent mail is not recognized, or if _b_i_n_m_a_i_l is
           interrupted during input, the file ddddeeeeaaaadddd....lllleeeetttttttteeeerrrr will be saved
           to allow editing and resending.

           To denote a recipient on a remote system, prefix _p_e_r_s_o_n by
           the system name and exclamation mark (see _u_u_c_p(1C)).
           Everything after the first exclamation mark in _p_e_r_s_o_n_s is
           interpreted by the remote system.  In particular, if _p_e_r_s_o_n_s
           contains additional exclamation marks, it can denote a
           sequence of machines through which the message is to be sent
           on the way to its ultimate destination.  For example,
           specifying aaaa!!!!bbbb!!!!ccccddddeeee as a recipient's name causes the message
           to be sent to user bbbb!!!!ccccddddeeee on system aaaa.  System aaaa will
           interpret that destination as a request to send the message
           to user ccccddddeeee on system bbbb.  This might be useful, for
           instance, if the sending system can access system aaaa but not
           system bbbb, and system aaaa has access to system bbbb.

           The _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e may be manipulated in two ways to alter the
           function of _b_i_n_m_a_i_l.  The _o_t_h_e_r permissions of the file may
           be read-write, read-only, or neither read nor write to allow
           different levels of privacy.  If changed to other than the
           default, the file will be preserved even when empty to
           perpetuate the desired permissions.  The file may also
           contain the first line:

                Forward to _p_e_r_s_o_n

           which will cause all mail sent to the owner of the _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e
           to be forwarded to _p_e_r_s_o_n.  This is especially useful to
           forward all of a person's mail to one machine in a multiple
           machine environment.

           When a user logs in, the presence of mail, if any, is
           indicated. Also, notification is made if new mail arrives
           while using _b_i_n_m_a_i_l.

      FFFFIIIILLLLEEEESSSS
           /bin/binmail
           /etc/passwd       to identify sender and locate persons
           /usr/mail/_u_s_e_r    incoming mail for _u_s_e_r; i.e., the _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e
           $HOME/mbox        saved mail



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      BBBBIIIINNNNMMMMAAAAIIIILLLL((((1111))))                  ((((UUUUNNNNIIIIXXXX 5555....0000))))                 BBBBIIIINNNNMMMMAAAAIIIILLLL((((1111))))



           $MAIL             variable containing path name of _m_a_i_l_f_i_l_e
           /tmp/ma*          temporary file
           /usr/mail/*....lock  lock for mail directory
           dead....letter       unmailable text

      SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
           login(1), mail(1), sendmail(1), uucp(1), write(1).

      BBBBUUUUGGGGSSSS
           Race conditions sometimes result in a failure to remove a
           lock file.
           After an interrupt, the next message may not be printed;
           printing may be forced by typing a pppp.
           Does not call _s_e_n_d_m_a_i_l(1).  Provides local and uucp mail
           only.








































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